Bangladesh is likely to be among the countries that are the worst affected by climate change. Climate change refers to the changes in climatic elements behavior, due to natural variability and human activity. Changes in the world’s climate are not new. But it was now being a world great concern, due to unplug or misbehave of climatic variability’s. Such as more frequently attacked extreme events in human society in last few decades as, extensive floods, cyclone, tidal surge, tsunami, drought, river bank erosion etc. UNDP has identified Bangladesh to be the most vulnerable country in the world to tropical cyclones and the sixth most vulnerable country to floods. On the average, 80 tropical cyclones are formed every year all over the globe. Bangladesh is a part of humid tropics, with the Himalayas in the north and the funnel shaped coast touching the Bay of Bengal in the south. This peculiar geography of Bangladesh causes not only the life giving monsoons but also catastrophic ravages of cyclones, norwesters, tornadoes and floods. The Bay of Baegal is an ideal breeding ground for tropical cyclone. From historical records it has observed that increases the number of natural hazards and events. The amount of looses and death are decreases due to natural hazard in Bangladesh. Such as in 1991 cyclones, the total death is 1, 40,000. On the other hand in 2007 SIDRs, total death is only 3500. But the intensity of cyclone SIDR is more than 1991 cyclone. In Aila, May 25, 2009 the total death is 179 (Prothom Alo, June 3, 2009). This is only possible for intensive disaster management programmed of Bangladesh. However, Bangladesh is a deltaic country located in the lower part of the basins of the three greatest rivers in the world—the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna. The floodplain of these rivers and their numerous tributaries and distributaries cover about 80 percent of the country. As a result of the flat topography of the floodplain every year one third of the country are annually flooded and occurred a lot of losses. Also, the NW region of Bangladesh is more prone to drought than others. During the last 50 years, Bangladesh suffered about 20 times from drought conditions. Drought is more responsible for famine in northern Bangladesh also desertification process. Drought adversely affects crop production in Bangladesh. For geographical settings Bangladesh has a great vulnerable in Earthquake. However for climatic change, Bangladesh also has a great vulnerability in Sea level rise, Tsunami, Global warming, Green house effects, etc.
Extreme events due to climate change are natural phenomena. We could not stop it. But we have to learn live with it as cope or mitigate it by disaster management. We have to strengthen the cyclone warning system and adopt protective and relief measures to minimize their onslaught. Strong built house have to built and coastal embankment have to build high above the sea level to serve as cyclone shelters. People from the low lying areas in the coastal areas in the coastal region can be evacuated into these shelters in the event of a cyclone, navigate the rivers and ensure the smooth flow of all national and international rivers. National and international organization fund should be collected for preparedness, development and rehabilitation program fro proper disaster management. Lastly, it should be remain that to save our planet we make to use this planet environmental friendly as stop deforestation and more aforestation stop built barrage on rivers locally and internationally. Come to the developed nations and sign this agreement to reduce the use of CFC and CO and maintain Kyoto Protocol, CDM, Yokohama Strategy, and Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015.
